Project Method:
“A
project is any activity, individual or group, involving the investigation and
solution of problems, planned and carried out to conclusion under the guidance
of the teacher.”
-Callahan
& Clark.
Features:
1.
It extends beyond classroom teaching.
2.
The method is carried out in natural setting or
real life situations.
3.
This method involves investigation and solution
to practical problems.
4.
It demands and ensures active participation
from the students.
5.
Involves effective interaction between the
student and the social environment.
6.
Creates an opportunity to acquire or practice
social skills.
7.
Enables the students to study functional
aspects of the subjects learnt.
8.
The teacher acts as a facilitator or a guide
and thus promotes independent learning.
Principles
of Project Strategy/method
- Principle of utility
- Principle of readiness
- Principle of Learning by doing
- Principle of Freedom at Work
- Principle of Socialization
Types
of project work
Dr. W.H.
Kilpatrick (1918) mentions the following types of project work in his paper on
project method.
A. Projects involving construction or production of a useful
article/object to “embody some or plan in external form”—Produce Type.
B. Projects providing opportunities for appreciation of some
aesthetic experience—Consumer Type.
C. Projects involving study and investigation of practical
situations/problems-Investigation Type.
D. Projects providing opportunities for mastery of certain
skills—Drill Type.
Note:
The types A and C are generally assigned to students in most educational
institutions.
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